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Raju, S. S.

Revisiting Groundwater Depletion and its Implications on Farm Economics in Punjab, India

Abstract Views :264 | PDF Views:79

Authors

S. K. Srivastava ¹, Ramesh Chand ², Jaspal Singh ¹, Amrit Pal Kaur ¹, Rajni Jain ¹, I. Kingsly ¹, S. S. Raju ³

Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Institute of Agricultural Economics and Policy Research, DPS Marg, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012, IN
2 NITI Aayog, Government of India, New Delhi 110 001, IN
3 ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Visakhapatnam 530 003, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 113, No 03 (2017), Pagination: 422-429

Abstract

The study identifies factors behind the groundwater depletion in Punjab (India) and examines the economics of groundwater irrigation across farm-size categories, varied groundwater levels and energy policy scenario. The farm-level evidences point out that farmers with smaller land holdings incur 2-3 times groundwater cost than those with larger land holdings. Also, small farmers are affected more adversely due to falling groundwater level. Further, financial expenses in extracting groundwater are borne equally by the society and the farmers. The withdrawal of energy subsidy is expected to reduce net returns, but at a varying rate across different crops. However, crop cultivation would still be profitable and desubsidization will result in 29-82% savings in existing groundwater use in different crops.

Keywords

Crop Profitability, Energy Subsidy, Farm Economics, Groundwater Depletion.

Full Text

References

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Kaur, B., Sidhu, R. S. and Vatta, K., Optimal crop plans for sustainable water use in Punjab. Agric. Econ. Res. Rev., 2010, 23, 273–284.

Sarkar, A., Scio-economic implications of depleting groundwater resources in Punjab: a comparative analysis of different irrigation systems. Econ. Polit. Wkly, 2011, 46(7), 59–66.

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Srivastava, S. K., Srivastava, R. C., Sethi, R. R., Kumar, A. and Nayak, A. K., Accelerating groundwater and energy use for agricultural growth in Odisha: technological and policy issues. Agric. Econ. Res. Rev., 2014, 27(2), 259–270.

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Ghosh, S., Srivastava, S. K., Nayak, A. K., Panda, D. K., Nanda, P. and Kumar, A., Why impacts of irrigation on agrarian dynamism and livelihoods are contrasting? Evidence from eastern India states. Irrig. Drain., 2014, 65(3), 573–583.

Sekhri, S., Sustaining groundwater: role of policy reforms in promoting conservation in India. In India Policy Forum, 2012/2013 (eds Shah, S., Bosworth, B. and Panagariya, A.), Sage Publications, New Delhi, 2013, vol. 9, pp. 149–176.

Sarkar, A. and Das, A., Groundwater irrigation–electricity–crop diversification nexus in Punjab: trends, turning points and policy initiatives. Econ. Polit. Wkly, 2014, 49(52), 64–73.

Malik, R. P. S., Energy regulations as a demand management option: potentials, problems, and prospects. In Strategic Analyses of the National River Linking Project (NRLP) of India, Series 3, Promoting Irrigation Demand Management in India: Potentials, Problems and Prospects (ed. Saleth, R. M.), International Water Management Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 2008, pp. 71–92.

Chand, R., Emerging crisis in Punjab agriculture: Severity and options for future. Econ. Polit. Wkly, 1999, 34(13), A2–A10.

Kumar, D., Demand management in the face of growing water scarcity and conflicts in India: Institutional and policy alternatives for future. In Water Resources and Sustainable Livelihoods and Eco-System Services (eds Chopra, K., Rao, C. H. H. and Sengupta. R.), Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi, 2009, pp. 97–131.

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Success of cage farming of marine finfishes in doubling farmers’ income: a techno-social impact analysis

Abstract Views :144 | PDF Views:70

Authors

J. Charles Jeeva ¹, Shubhadeep Ghosh ¹, S. S. Raju ¹, Sekar Megarajan ¹, V. P. Vipinkumar ², Loveson Edward ¹, R. Narayanakumar ³

Affiliations
1 Regional Centre, ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Visakhapatnam 530 003, India, IN
2 ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi 682 018, India, IN
3 Regional Station of ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Chennai 600 028, India, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 123, No 8 (2022), Pagination: 1031-1037

Abstract

In Andhra Pradesh, India, the culture of marine finfishes such as Indian pompano and Asian seabass has been demonstrated in cages in Krishna and Godavari backwaters by the Regional Centre, ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (ICAR-CMFRI), Visakhapatnam, involving fishermen and marginal landless aqua farmers. Open sea cage culture of orange-spotted grouper and Indian pompano has also been demonstrated in Visakhapatnam, Srikakulam and East Godavari districts of Andhra Pradesh. From the 14 success stories documented, enhancement in net income in the range 50.32%–257.14% was evident by transforming people from different avocations such as agriculturists, wage earners in agriculture and allied sectors, business professionals, fish traders, traditional fish farmers and artisanal fishers to marine finfish farming. The benefit ratio of cage farming among the adopted farmers was found to be 1.33 and 1.31 for estuarine and marine cages respectively. The impact was realized on livelihood enhancement due to the technological interventions of cage culture under the technological, social and economic dimensions

Full Text

References

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Ritesh, R., Sekar, M., Biji, X., Ghosh, S., Santosh, B. and Gopalakrishnan, A., Broodstock development, induced breeding and larval rearing of Indian pompano, Trachinotus mookalee (Cuvier, 1832) – a new candidate species for aquaculture. Aquaculture, 2018, 495, 550–557.

Gopal, N., Small scale fisheries guidelines from the resource and energy conservation perspective. In ICAR Winter School: Responsible Fishing: Recent Advances in Resource and Energy Conservation, 21 November–11 December 2019, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, 2019.

Jha, D. K. et al., Estimation of potential zones for offshore mariculture in the Indian Sea using geographical information system as a management tool. J. Coast. Conserv., 2017, 21, 893–902.

Ignatious, B., Cage aquaculture. In THEERANAIPUNYA – Equipping the Fisherwomen Youth for the Future – Training Manual (eds Shyam, S. S. and Fernandez, R.), ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, 2016, p. 175.

Jeeva, J. C., Balasubramaniam, S. and Vasanthakumar, J., Attitude towards participatory technology development – a study among fishery researchers. J. Extens. Educ., 2006, 18(3 and 4), 3851–3856.

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Vipinkumar, V. P. et al., Cage farming of fish – a success story of SHGs. Mar. Fish. Inform. Serv. Tech. Extens. Ser., 2021, 250, 28–29.

Jeeva, J. C., Sekar, M., Vipinkumar, V. P., Raju, S. S., Nagaraju, P. and Ghosh, S., Gender mainstreaming through coastal cage farming – a success story from Andhra Pradesh. Mar. Fish. Inf. Serv. Techn. Extens. Ser., 2021, 250, 30–31.

Sekar, M., Ritesh, R., Ghosh, S., Biji, X., Shiva, P. and Sadhu, N., Dissemination of cage culture technology among Scheduled Tribes in coastal Andhra Pradesh – a successful model for livelihood improvement. Mar. Fish. Inf. Ser. Techn. Extens. Ser., 2021, 250, 32–35.

Bycatch in Indian trawl fisheries and some suggestions for trawl bycatch mitigation

Abstract Views :117 | PDF Views:60

Authors

A. P. Dineshbabu ¹, Sujitha Thomas ¹, Josileen Jose ¹, P. T. Sarada ¹, Lakshmi Pillai ¹, Rekha Devi Chakraborty ¹, Gyanranjan Dash ¹, Anulekshmi Chellappan ¹, Shubhadeep Ghosh ¹, G. B. Purushottama ¹, Rajan Kumar ¹, M. Rajkumar ¹, Indira Divipala ¹, D. Nakhava Ajay ¹, R. Ratheeshkumar ¹, K. V. Akhilesh ¹, V. Mahesh ¹, Swathipriyanka Sen ¹, Rajesh Pradhan ¹, Shikha Rahangdale ¹, R. Vinothkumar ¹, Shoba Joe Kizhakudan ¹, K. M. Rajesh ¹, R. Narayanakumar ¹, P. S. Swathilekshmi ¹, S. S. Raju ¹, G. Maheswarudu ¹, M. Sivadas ¹

Affiliations
1 Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi 682 018, India, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 123, No 11 (2022), Pagination: 1372-1380

Abstract

Globally, trawl is the major fishing gear used in marine fisheries and in India, it contributes to more than one-third of the marine fish production. Trawl fishing has been critically evaluated from a sustainability perspective, especially analysing its bycatch composition. Most of the bycatch from trawlers contains valuable edible species with high market demand. However, a portion of the bycatch which does not have such demand in the edible fish market, known as low-value bycatch (LVB), continues to be a matter of concern from an ecological and economic perspective. During 2017–19, 30–60% of trawl landing in India was constituted by LVB, which was mainly used for fishmeal preparation. To enhance the value and utility of LVB, this study explores the possibility of converting waste from LVB into edible resources using pufferfish and triggerfish. It also highlights the positive impact of efforts by different Government agencies for bycatch mitigation like the implementation of minimum legal size in reducing the juvenile component in bycatch, with a social survey-based account of fisher’s perceptions and suggestions on successful bycatch mitigation

Keywords

Ecological impacts, fishery economics, low-value bycach, minimum legal size, trawl.

Full Text

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